The current state of waste management in India is a complex and multifaceted issue. India is home to over 1.3 billion people, and as such, generates an enormous amount of waste.

High-resolution satellites have detected 8800 kg of methane per hour leaking from adjacent landfill sites just 18 km from the centre of Madrid, Spain.

Activated coke was prepared by mixing sewage sludge and waste poplar bark biomass from furniture manufacturing. The physical activation method of these feedstocks with steam for 1 h at 850 °C was implemented.

With the new report on methane emissions, the European Parliament supports bold actions to minimise the damages methane causes to the environment. The waste sector cannot be left out of the process.

Established in 1990, Kosovo [1] is one of the newest countries in the world located in South-East Europe, part of Western Balkans, with a surface coverage area of 10,907 km2, a population of 1, 883, 018 [2] and a population density of 166 inhabitants/km2.

Serbia, Montenegro, and North Macedonia are stepping up their efforts to reduce their dependence on landfilling, modernize their waste management infrastructure and align their legal framework with that of the EU. There is widespread recognition that landfilling squanders recyclable materials and is a significant contributor to greenhouse gas emissions. These developments are creating business opportunities for waste management companies, equipment suppliers, and engineering firms. The international law and tax firm CMS and the Berlin-based advisory firm Andreas von Schoenberg Consulting have published factsheets about waste management in the three Western Balkan countries, presenting concise background information on the business opportunities.

Analysis of the U.S. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) database of 2,549 MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) landfills showed that there were 1,164 operating landfills in which 348 million short tons (316 million metric tons) of waste were landfilled in 2017.

LFG power plant in Changwon project developed by LF Energy Co., Ltd. is a landfill gas(LFG) recovery project for power generation at Changwon Deok-dong waste comprehensive treatment complex in Changwon city, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea.

Around the world, economic development has been accompanied by the generation of about 2 billion tons of urban waste each year. The developed nations have put a lot of effort into sorting out recyclable materials, but there are practical and economic limits as to how much of the waste can be recycled. According to EPA and other reports, the U.S. recycling plus composting rate has leveled out at about 32%. In the European Union, the rate is closer to 46%.

I just want to congratulate Bowman and Gibson for their article on methane emission from landfills. The actual methane emissions from some landfills serving Indianapolis were included in a recent nationwide study of methane emissions from landfills, by N.J. Themelis and A.C. Bourtsalas of Columbia University. Please see more about this study, in your "Context" question below. Prof. Nickolas Themelis, Columbia University

Across the EU the legacy of that is an estimated 150,000 to 500,000 historic landfill sites – many not built to today’s sanitary standards. A four-year EU funded project investigate the potential to recover materials, energy and land from these sites concluded.

Statistics on waste production and management in Italy are quite accurate for municipal waste, while in the case of special waste there are more uncertainties. This is partly due to the accounting systems in use and partly due to the characteristics of the classification system based on EWC codes. Indeed, municipal waste is subject to accurate accounting and is categorised by a limited number of waste codes (Chapter 20 of the EWC). Treatment processes applied to municipal waste (e.g. sorting, incineration) produce special waste. Consequently, special waste may also consist of material that is generated from the treatment of municipal waste, as well as from the treatment of special waste itself.

Kumbakonam is a municipal town in Tamil Nadu, India, well known for its farm-based activities. It is also known as the granary of South India. As per the 2011 Census, the city has a population of 0.14 million and stretches over 12.5 sq. km.

Management of the sanitary landfills represents one of the main challenges of the waste sector in Kosovo. At present, around 70% of the waste is disposed in sanitary landfills under semi-anaerobic conditions without gas collections. Non-adequate management of the sanitary landfills is a common practice of the waste management in the country.

There are 3159 operational dumpsites in India as per 2019 data of Indian central pollution control board, dumping approximated amount of 8.5 million tonnes annually (This is claimed value, whereas in reality amount is much higher and data for it is unavailable), it is estimated that more than 10,000 hectares of urban land are locked in dumpsites in India. Most of this dumpsite land is owned by the Municipalities and managed by them or the contracted private players. In addition, there are large groups of informal workers engaged at these sites for recovery of valuables and recyclables.